Blood coagulation is a complex process of proteolysis involving a series of coagulation factors. Anticoagulant drugs are drugs that prevent blood coagulation by affecting the coagulation factors. Next, xiaobian will introduce heparin, a common anticoagulant.

　　Pharmacological effects: Heparin in heparin in vivo and in vitro have a strong anticoagulant effect.

　　In vivo process: Heparin is a large molecule with a large amount of negative charge, it is not easy to pass through the biofilm, oral absorption is not, often intravenous administration.

　　Mechanism of action: anticoagulation can be achieved by enhancing the activity of antithrombin ⅲ in plasma and accelerating the inactivation of coagulation factors.

　　Adverse reactions: bleeding (main adverse reactions), thrombocytopenia, osteoporosis, fracture.

　　Clinical application:

　　(1) Thromboembolic diseases

　　(2) Diffuse intravascular coagulation

　　(3) Prevention and treatment of myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, cardiovascular surgery and peripheral venous thrombosis after surgery.

　　(4) In vitro anticoagulation: such as cardiac catheterization, extracorporeal circulation and hemodialysis, etc.