Heparin sodium is an anticoagulant. Heparin sodium has anticoagulant effect in vivo and in vitro and can prolong coagulation time and prothrombin time. Its anticoagulant action is extremely complex and has influence on many links of coagulation process.
Heparin sodium Action :① Inhibit the formation and action of thrombin, so as to prevent the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin; ② When the concentration is higher, it can inhibit thrombin and other coagulation factors and prevent fibrinogen from becoming fibrin; ③ It can prevent platelet aggregation and destruction. In addition, the anticoagulant action of heparin is related to the negatively charged sulfate radical in the molecule, while positively charged alkaline substances, such as protamine or toluidine blue, can neutralize the negative charge and thus inhibit its anticoagulant action. Since heparin can activate and release lipoprotein esterase in the body, hydrolyze triglycerides and LDL in chylous particles, it also has lipid lowering effects.
Oral absorption of this product is not effective. It must be administered by injection. After intravenous injection, it is distributed evenly in white blood cells and plasma and rapidly enters tissues without penetrating the placenta and milk. The apparent distribution volume is 0.06 l/kg, and the plasma protein binding rate is 80% ~ 95%. It is metabolized by liver and excreted by kidney with a half-life of about 1 hour.
Heparin sodium is used to prevent and treat various causes of thrombosis and embolism, such as myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, cerebrovascular embolism, peripheral venous thrombosis, vascular surgery and diffuse intravascular coagulation. Early application prevents depletion of fibrinogen and coagulation factors. It can also be used as an in vitro anticoagulant in blood transfusions instead of citrate or cardiopulmonary bypass.
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