1. Concept and characteristics of chondroitin sulfate
Chondroitin sulfate is a polysaccharide composed of repeated disaccharide units formed by the connection of D-glucuronic acid and N-acetylgalactosamine via β -1, 4-glycosidic bond, in which the hydroxyl group at the C-4 or C-6 position of N-acetylgalactosamine is sulphated. Natural chondroitin sulfate is mainly extracted from trachea cartilage of mammals. It is easy to absorb water and soluble in water, but insoluble in ethanol, acetone and other organic solvents. And tends to expand and form mucus when exposed to water, resulting in poor thermal stability.
2. Types and sources of naturally formed chondroitin sulfate
Naturally occurring chondroitin sulfate comes mainly from the cartilage of pigs, cows, chickens and sharks. There are different subtypes of chondroitin sulfate due to their different chemical structures. Different chondroitin sulfate subtypes exist in different tissues in nature, such as hyaluronic acid, mainly from joint fluid, cartilage connective tissue, skin, body fluid, cornea, chicken crest, etc. Chondroitin sulfate mainly comes from bone, cartilage, cornea, skin and blood vessels. Sulfuric acid skin pigment from the skin, heart valves, pig gastric mucosa, umbilical cord, ligament, artery, chondroitin sulfate mainly exist in the skin, heart valves, pig gastric mucosa, artery, in areas such as the keratin sulfate mainly exist in the cornea, the aorta, cartilage and nucleus pulposus, heparin mainly exist in the liver, lung, spleen, muscles and artery walls, Heparin sulfate is mainly derived from blood vessels and cell surfaces.
3. Pharmacological activity and application of chondroitin sulfate.
(1) For the treatment of coronary heart disease
Chondroitin sulfate with different lipid effect, with its as raw material to the development of health foods and drugs have been used in our long-term development to prevent coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, coronary atherosclerosis, myocardial ischemia disease such as cells, clinical research and application has been found that the obvious side effects, can significant decrease the morbidity and mortality in patients with coronary heart disease treatment.
(2) Improve joint problems
Chondroitin Sulfate Sodium Manufacturer describes itin combination with glucosamine to promote cartilage regeneration and soften bone, and is commonly used as a medication to treat joint problems.
(3) Protect bones
Chondroitin sulfate prevents bone calcification, preventing bones from becoming hard and weak, and encouraging rigid bones to regain flexibility. In addition, chondroitin sulfate can also reduce bone hardening, embrittling and swelling contour to a certain extent, and effectively improve bone hyperplasia.
(4) Promote corneal wound healing and improve dry eye.
Chondroitin sulfate can effectively improve the patient's corneal blood system circulation, accelerate metabolism, enhance permeability, promote the absorption capacity of osmotic fluid in the engineering corneal matrix and the growth of other fibers, eliminate these inflammation, has an important role in environmental protection of the development of corneal collagen fiber; Secondly, chondroitin sulfate can improve the water metabolism of canthus membrane tissue, so as to prevent the formation of a layer of breathable and water-retaining film on the surface of the cornea, and promote the healing of corneal trauma and improve the symptoms of dry eyes.